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General
- Zirconium
dioxide (ZrO2), sometimes known as zirconia, is a white
crystalline oxide of zirconium.
- Zirconia
occurs naturally, with a monoclinic crystalline structure, is the
rare mineral, baddeleyite.
- The high
temperature cubic crystalline form, called 'cubic zirconia', is
rarely found in nature as mineral tazheranite, but is synthesized
in various colours for use as a gemstone.
- Zirconium
dioxide can occur as a white powder which possesses both acidic
and basic properties.
Process
- The
isoeyntheeis process refers to the selective conversion of
synthesis gas into branched aliphatic hydrocarbons over metal
oxide catalysts.
- Zirconium
oxide can be prepared by the sol gel technique using inorganic
precursors like ZroCl2 or metalorganic ones, as zirconium
alkoxides.
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Nanocrystalline zirconia dioxide was synthesized by sol-gel
process from zirconium n-propoxide.
Application
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Zirconium dioxide (zirconia) is a high performance ceramic
used so far in dentistry for fabricating endodontic posts,
crown/bridge restorations and implant abutments.
- Zirconia
has been also applied for the fabrication of esthetic
orthodontic brackets.
- Single
crystals of the cubic phase of zirconia are commonly used as a
substitute for diamond in jewellery.
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Stabilized zirconia is used in oxygen sensors and fuel cell
membranes because it has the ability to allow oxygen ions to
move freely through the crystal structure at high
temperatures.
Report
- The
clinical report describes a treatment for the replacement of
the missing mandibular anterior tooth using a cantilever
single lever resin bonded fixed partial denture, fabricated
from zirconium dioxide ceramic.
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Zirconia is also an important high-k dielectric material
that is being investigated for potential applications as an
insulator in transistors in future nanoelectronic devices.
- The
cubic phase of zirconia has a very low thermal conductivity,
which has led to its use as a thermal barrier coating in jet
turbine and diesel engines to allow operation at higher
temperatures.
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