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General
- Trap rock is a form
of plutonic igneous rock that tends to form polygonal vertical
fractures, most typically hexagonal, but also four to eight sided.
- Trap rock is the
primary constituent of many ridges and other rock outcrops in the Hudson
River valley, such as the Palisades, and southern New England.
- Traprock - term
widely used by quarry operators and their clients for basalt and coarser
("microphaneritic") rocks.
- Basalt is an
aphanitic igneous rock that, with a petrographic microscope, can be seen
to consist largely of a dark colored pyroxene and a light to medium dark
colored plagioclase feldspar with or without minor amounts of glass.
- Traprock, granite and
sandstone soils retain little moisture.
Process
- Trap rock is
commercially quarried and crushed to provide hard bulk in composite
materials that bond it together, such as concrete and macadam.
- Slightly coarser old
sheets of basalt, now partially altered but still dark in color, are
extensively quarried, crushed, and sold as "traprock".
- A special attention
in study of traps is paid for methods of investigation of a magnetic
field as well as direct study of magnetic parameters of
trap rock samples such as natural remanent magnetization (In), magnetic
perception, KennisbergŠs factor (Qn), declination (D), inclination (J).
- Some soils derived
from traprock have hard-setting surfaces.
Application
- Quarry operators must
have the ability to produce aggregate for a wide range of applications,
which essentially require very different types of
product in terms of shape and gradation.
- Cooling rate and
oxygen fugacity was varied in a series of experiments on Fe-rich,
Al-poor synthetic starting material in order to evaluate kinetic factors
governing the liquid lines of descent, modes, compositions, and textures
of rapidly-cooled basalt.
- Hard, dense aggregate
resists abrasion better than cement paste, so increasing the amount of
aggregate at the surface improves wear resistance. That’s the reason for
using trap rock, either in a dry shake hardener or topping mix.
- In crushed aggregate
form, trap rock's gray color dominates; as boulders, it displays subtle
hues of gray, blue, red, pink and purple. As a result, the aesthetic
value of trap rock in decorative applications applies equally to
landscaping as well as ground cover.
Market
- The estimated U.S.
output of aggregates sold or used in the first quarter of 2006 increased
in eight of nine geographic divisions and remained unchanged in the
ninth division. The largest increases were recorded in the New England
(14.4 percent), the Mountain (10.9 percent), and the Middle Atlantic
(10.8 percent) divisions, according to the report.
- Dresser Trap Rock has
been one of the major producers from this area, supplying trap rock to
the booming railroad industry.
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