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General
-
Tetrahydrofuran, also known as THF, is a heterocyclic organic
compound with the formula (CH2)4O.
-
Tetrahydrofuran is a colorless low-viscosity liquid with a smell
similar to diethyl ether.
- THF is one
of the most polar ethers. THF is the fully hydrogenated analog of
the aromatic compound furan.
- THF is an
aprotic solvent with a dielectric constant of 7.6.
- THF is
a moderately polar, aprotic solvent that dissolves a wide range of
nonpolar and polar compounds.
Process
- THF can be
polymerized by strong acids to give a linear polymer called
poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol PTMEG, also known as PTMO,
polytetramethylene oxide.
- THF can be
synthesized by catalytic hydrogenation of furan.
- The major
industrial process for making THF is the acid-catalyzed
dehydration of 1,4-butanediol.
- Du
Pont developed a process for producing THF by oxidizing n-butane
to crude maleic anhydride, followed by catalytic hydrogenation
of maleic anhydride to THF.
Application
- THF or
diethyl ether are often used as solvents for Grignard reagents
because of the oxygen atom's ability to coordinate to the
magnesium ion component of the Grignard reagent.
- THF is
often used in polymer science to dissolve rubber prior to
determining its molecular mass using gel permeation
chromatography.
- THF
dissolves PVC, and is the main ingredient in PVC adhesives.
-
THF can be used to liquefy old PVC cement.
Report
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Exposure to THF is most likely to occur in occupational
settings through inhalation or by dermal contact.
- THF
has been detected in ambient air, groundwater, drinking
water, landfill sludge, and in some common household
products.
- THF is
present as vapour where it is degraded by
photochemically-produced hydroxyl and nitrate radicals in
air.
- GPC
elution curves of Athabasca bitumen in both tetrahydrofuran
and tohene obtained using uv detector.
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