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General
- Silica gel is a
granular, porous form of silica made synthetically from sodium silicate.
- Silica gel is most
commonly encountered in everyday life as beads packed in a semi-permeable
plastic.
Process
- A solution of sodium
silicate is acidified to produce a gelatinous precipitate that is washed
then dehydrated to produce colorless silica gel.
- Aminopropyl silica
gel was prepared from porous silica gel and was used as a solid support
for immunoadsorbent in the purification of anti-glycolipid antibodies.
- Silica gels can be
produced from different raw materials. However, the synthesis from
mineral acids, e.g. sulfuric acid, and aqueous sodium silicate is the
only industrial relevant process today.
Uses
- Silica gel may also
be used to keep the relative humidity inside a high frequency radio or
satellite transmission system waveguide as low as possible.
- Silica gel is also
used to dry the air in industrial compressed air systems. Air from the
compressor discharge flows through a bed of silica gel beads.
- Silica gel is
sometimes used as a preservation tool to control relative humidity in
museum and library exhibitions and storage.
Technology
- The sol-gel
technology is believed to be an energy- and resource-saving process.
At present, three directions of the sol-gel technology are employed
to produce silica glasses suitable for optical applications.
- Modern silica gel
technology enables the production of highly pure gels that are
composed of nearly 100% SiO2 with tailor-made pore systems and
surface properties.
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