General
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Probiotics
are live microorganisms (in most cases, bacteria) that are similar to
beneficial microorganisms found in the human gut. They are also called
“friendly bacteria” or “good bacteria.” Probiotics are
available to consumers mainly in the form of dietary supplements and
foods. They can be used as complementary and alternative medicine.
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Probiotic
microorganisms can be found in both supplement form and as components
of foods and beverages. These bacteria and yeasts have been used for
thousands of years to ferment foods. Certain yogurts and other
cultured dairy products contain such helpful bacteria, particularly
specific strains of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. Not all bacteria
present in fermented milk products or yogurt have a probiotic effect.
For this reason, in order to consider a Lactobacillus or
Bifidobacterium a probiotic, the specific strains selected must exert
a clinically established health benefit.
Production
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Today,
probiotics are used as health supplements in food and feeds and they
are replacing the use of antibiotic growth promotors or chemical
supplements. Under the right conditions the claims made for probiotic
preparations can be realized. The development of suitable technology
for probiotic production, taking into account viability and stability,
is a key area of research for industrial production. Production of
probiotics should be based on the microbial criteria, and the ability
to withstand stress during processing and storage of products is
important.
Applications
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Probiotics,
which most consumers associate with yogurt, have been shown to play
beneficial roles in gut health, including reducing the duration or
severity of a variety of diarrheal diseases and helping to protect
against infectious diseases, by decreasing Helicobacter pylori
infections. Additional possible health benefits attributed to
probiotics include a decrease in colon cancer risk, enhancement of the
immune system, reduction in symptoms of inflammatory disorders such as
inflammatory bowel diseases, alleviation of some symptoms of irritable
bowel syndrome, and prevention of allergic symptoms.
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Health
benefits attributed to the consumption of probiotics include:
maintenance of the normal gut flora, alleviation of lactose
(milk-sugar) intolerance, improvement of digestive processes and
absorption of nutrients, and stimulation of body’s immune system.
Market
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Although probiotics is a new concept in India, it is one of the fastest
growing functional food markets worldwide. Globally, the market for
probiotic products is estimated at $14 billion. In the US alone, more
than 100 companies market probiotic products in supplement forms. The US
market is forecast to touch $394 million in 2010 while the European
market may reach $137 million, according to estimates by Frost &
Sullivan.
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Arla ,BioGaia
Biologics, Chr Hansen, ConAgra Functional Foods, Danisco, Groupe Danone,
Nestle, Yakult are the major players in the world markert
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Amul,
Mother dairy & Nestle are already in India
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