General
- A polyolefin is a
polymer produced from a simple olefin (also called an alkene) as a
monomer. Polyethylene is the polyolefin produced by polymerizing the
olefin ethylene. An equivalent term is polyalkene; this is a more
modern term, although polyolefin is still used in the petrochemical
industry. Polypropylene is another common polyolefin which is made
from the olefin propylene.
- A more specific
type of olefin is a poly-alpha-olefin, a polymer made by polymerizing
an alpha-olefin. An alpha-olefin (or α-olefin) is an alkene where
the carbon-carbon double bond starts at the α-carbon atom. Common
alpha-olefins used as co-monomers to give a polymer alkyl branching
groups are similar to 1-hexene or may be longer.
Process
- There are three
sections in the polyolefin production process where monomers are
typically lost. These three sections are raw material purification,
chemical reaction and product purification and finishing. all three
sections provide significant opportunities for more efficient monomer
use.
- Polyolefin
elastomers are copolymers of ethylene and another alpha-olefin such as
butene or octene. POEs are produced using refined metallocene catalyst
often referred to as single-site or constrained geometry catalysts.
These catalysts have a constrained transition metal sandwiched
between one or more cyclopentadienyl ring structures to form a
sterically hindered polymerization site.
Properties
- The properties of
polyolefin fibers can be tailored by additives, variations in the
polymer, and by use of different process conditions. General
polyolefin fiber characteristics are able to give good bulk and cover,
abrasion resistant, colorfast, quick drying, low static, resistant to
deterioration from chemicals, mildew, perspiration, rot and weather
conditions, thermally bondable, stain and soil resistant, Strong, dry
hand; it transport body moisture from the skin, Very Comfortable, very
lightweight ( Polypropylene and polyethylene fibers have the lowest
specific gravity of all fibers).
Market and
Report
-
The
European polyolefin markets can be segmented into three groups
according to their growth potential: the saturated Western European
markets, the stable CE domestic markets and the Eastern European
markets with intensive growth potential. In comparison with Western
European markets, the usage of polyolefin per year in Eastern Europe
is about two times smaller in more developed areas and five times
smaller in less developed areas.
-
Sales
revenues have to be multiplied according to the decrease in
profitability to ensure the USD 280 million EBITDA target for 2010.
The possible future acquisition of INA’s shares and the assumptions
of 100% growth in refined product sales volume in the next five years
can secure the raw materials for polyolefin production. Depending on
the growth of the downstream business and the present operating profit
volume of USD 100 million on USD 1400 million sales assumes, that if
the sales revenues will be increased to approximately USD 1800-2000
million – the EBITDA target number will be obtained.
-
Metallocene
catalysts have been in existence for almost a decade along with
commercial polyolefin products. Though commercial polyolefin products
have been in the market for over 7-8 years, barely 3% market
penetration has been achieved so far. They are yet to obtain a
significant market share of the total Polyolefin market of about 88
million tonnes.
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