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General
- Pine oil is an
essential oil obtained by the steam distillation of needles, twigs and
cones from a variety of species of pine, particularly Pinus
sylvestris.
- Pine oil is
distinguished from other products from pine such as turpentine, the
low-boiling fraction from the distillation of pine sap, and rosin, the
thick tar remaining after turpentine is distilled.
- Chemically, pine oil
consists mainly of cyclic terpene alcohols. It may also contain terpene
hydrocarbons, ethers, and esters.
- The exact
composition depends on various factors such as the variety of pine it is
produced from and the parts of the tree used.
Process
- Pine oil, which is
derived synthetically and from a distillation process of the wood and
needles of pine trees, is commonly found in numerous household products.
- Pine oil was
originally described as the mixture of isomeric secondary and tertiary
cyclic terpene alcohol obtained by distillaion of pines.
- The cheapest and
most abundant pine oil available today is a by-product of wood pulping
from pulp mills, and is a complex mixture of varying amounts of
monoterpenes and other natural products.
Application
- Pine oil is used in
aromatherapy, as a scent in bath oils, as a cleaning product, and as a
lubricant.
- Pine oil is
naturally deodorizing, and antibacterial.
- Industrially, pine
oil is used in metal extraction from ores.
- Pine oil will kill
the causative agents of typhoid, gastroenteritis , rabies, enteric
fever, cholera, several forms of meningitis, whooping cough, gonorrhea
and several types of dysentery.
Report
- Pine oil has a
relatively low human toxicity level, however it irritates the skin and
mucous membranes and has been known to cause breathing problems. Large
doses may cause central nervous system depression.
- Swallowing pine oil
can have severe effects on many parts of the body. The faster a patient
gets medical help, the better the chance for recovery.
- The pine oil ester
is more effective as a base oil for an electrorheological fluid if the
effectiveness is measured purely on the basis of maximum shear strength
versus shear rate.
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