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General
- Oxygen is the element with atomic
number 8 and represented by the symbol O.
- It is a member of the chalcogen
group on the periodic table, and is a highly reactive nonmetallic period
2 element that readily forms compounds (notably oxides) with almost all
other elements.
- Oxygen is the most abundant
chemical element, by mass, in our biosphere, air, sea and land. Oxygen
is the third most abundant chemical element in the universe, after
hydrogen and helium.
- In nature, free oxygen is produced
by the light-driven splitting of water during oxygenic
photosynthesis
Process
- Most commercial oxygen is produced
using a variation of the cryogenic distillation process originally
developed in 1895.
- This process produces oxygen that
is 99+% pure. More recently, the more energy-efficient vacuum swing
adsorption process has been used for a limited number of applications
that do not require oxygen with more than 90-93% purity.
- The steps used to produce
commercial-grade oxygen from air using the cryogenic distillation
process.
- The process utilizes an extremely
cold cryogenic section to separate the air, all impurities that might
solidify—such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and certain heavy
hydrocarbons—must first be removed to prevent them from freezing and
plugging the cryogenic piping.
Report
- The Pennsylvania State University
(Penn State) installed the new test unit to measure
high-temperature
behavior of ITM Oxygen materials under oxygen
permeation conditions.
- Air Products demonstrated the ITM
Oxygen flux target required for Task 4.3.1
Complete Evaluation of a
Subscale Module of Subscale AP2K Membranes.
- Air Products continued to perform
oxygen flux tests of AP2K, laboratory-scale, supported,
thin-film
membranes, prepared by Ceramatec using baseline ceramic
processing procedures.
- Eltron Research, Inc. commenced
work for its designed experiment study of ITM Oxygen
material
compositions, with the goal of identifying optimized
compositions for the membrane and catalyst.
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