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Information @ a Glance

Introduction

  • Chloroacetic acid is the chemical compound with the formula ClCH2CO2H.
  • Monochloroacetic acid, chlorinated simplest carboxylic acid, has electron-withdrawing atom (alpha-chlorine) on the next carbon to acid.
  • Monochloroacetic acid (MCAA) is a white crystalline hydroscopic solid of density 1.58 (liquid density 1.37) with a pungent odour.

Process

  • MCAA is manufactured industrially by two main routes, the most important is by chlorination of acetic acid.
  • Chloroacetic acid is synthesized by the chlorination of acetic acid in the presence of red phosphorus, sulfur, or iodine as a catalyst: CH3CO2H + Cl2 -> ClCH2CO2H + HCl .
  • The manufacturing process of MCA (monochloroacetic acid) involves the reaction of the chlorine, acetic acid, and acetic anhydride in the Chlorinators under high temperature (200 to 240 degree F).

Market

  • Global production of Monochloroacetic acid (MCAA or chloroacetic acid) exceeds 600,000te/yr.
  • MCAA is manufactured in Europe, the USA, India, China and Japan.
  • China consumed 400,000te/yr of MCAA, approximately 120,000te of which was used to make pesticides and 30,000te pharmaceuticals.
  • The demand will be stably increased with the rate of 10% in the future several years.
  • The MCA market is growing modestly and chiefly due to the demand of thioglycolic acid.
  • Akzo Nobel Chloroacetic Acid Chemical (Taixing) Co., Ltd., Wuxi Greenapple Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Zibo Dongfeng Chemical Plant, Hebei Shijiazhuang Synthesis Chemical Plant, Shijiazhuang Hengyi Chemical Co., Ltd., Jiangxi Electrochemical (Group) Co.,  Ltd., and Henan Xuchang Dongfang Chemical Co., Ltd. are the major producers.

Uses

  • The major industrial use of monochloroacetic acid (MCAA), accounting for 35-45% of its production, is in the manufacture of Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).
  • MCAA is used to produce arylhydroxyacetic acid, methyl ß-napthyloxyacetate and benazoline based herbicides, as well as the insecticides dimethoate, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and dimethoate.
  • MCAA is used to make surfactants, particularly mild bentine amphoteric surfactants and caffeine, barbituric acid, chloroacetyl chloride.
  • Chloroacetic acid is used as raw material to derive some chemical intermediates such as malonic acid, malononitrile, mercaptoacetic acid and aminoacetic acid.

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