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General
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A
molecular sieve is a material containing tiny pores of a precise and
uniform size that is used as an adsorbent for gases and liquids.
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Molecules small enough to pass through the pores are adsorbed while
larger molecules are not. It is different from a common filter in that
it operates on a molecular level.
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For
instance, a water molecule may be small enough to pass through while
larger molecules are not. Because of this, they often function as a
desiccant.
Process
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Methods for regeneration of molecular sieves include pressure change (as
in oxygen concentrators), heating and purging with a carrier gas (as
when used in ethanol dehydration), or heating under high vacuum.
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The
methodologies used for the preparation of mesoporous zeolite single
crystals involve conventional dealumination procedures, such as
steaming, acid, and alkaline treatments , or matrixassisted synthesis.
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Electrostatic deposition process for the fabrication of molecular sieve
fibers. Mesoporous molecular sieves such as the all silica DAM-1 and
SBA- 15 materials as well as the TiO2 compositions are templated using
the micelle forming molecules Vitamin E TPGS and Pluronic.
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Molecular sieve 4A desiccant will adsorb H2S and CO2, thus reducing
corrosion, increasing equipment life and reducing the foul odor
associated with H2S in vented gas.
Technology
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A
disordered mesoporous silica material has been prepared using
polymerization of silicate anions surrounding surfactant micelles in the
presence of organic salts. The local structure of the material has been
investigated using a transmission electron micrograph imaging technique.
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Molecular sieve zeolites have substantially impacted adsorption and
catalytic process technology throughout the chemical process industries;
provided timely solutions to energy and environmental problems; and
grown to over a hundred million dollar industry worldwide.
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Fuel
cell technology requires fuel clean up as carbon monoxide poisons the
electrocatalyst in fuel cell system. Molecular Sieve Silica (MSS)
membranes have the physical ability to separate hydrogen from carbon
monoxide.
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Membrane reactor for the water gas shift reaction technology converts
carbon monoxide and steam into hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
Applications
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Molecular sieves are often utilized in the petroleum industry,
especially for the purification of gas streams and in the chemistry
laboratory for separating compounds and drying reaction starting
materials.
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Molecular sieves should be used to dry dehydration solvents for electron
microscopy.
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Molecular sieves are used to dehydrate the solvents used in the final
stages of dehydration and embedding.
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Molecular sieve is mainly used to make static dehydration in airtight
gas or liquid system, it can remove the moleculars of ethyl alcohol,
hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide, ethylene, acrylica, and also dry the
alkane.
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