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General
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In chemistry,
a metal (Greek: Metallon) is an element that readily loses electrons to form
positive ions (cations) and has metallic bonds between metal atoms. Metals
form ionic bonds with non-metals.
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Metals are
often extracted from the Earth by means of mining, resulting in ores that
are relatively rich sources of the requisite elements. Ore is located by
prospecting techniques, followed by the exploration and examination of
deposits.
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Metals are
good conductors, making them valuable in electrical appliances and for
carrying an electric current over a distance with little energy lost.
Technology
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Metal production, as an indispensable
industrial branch of the modern society, has responded to environmental
challenge by high re-cycling rate of metal, improved energy efficiency, and
other solutions based on clean technology.
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Canon has
developed a fast metal-mold production system that consolidates the
metal-mold production process into a consistent 3-D system incorporating
mold design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) programs, machining,
assembly, and measurement.
- Commercial HIsmelt
plants will provide an alternative ironmaking route that offers
competitive solutions to meet the metallics requirement of the iron and
steel industry.
- Superplasticity in
metals is defined by very
high tensile
elongations, ranging from two hundred to several thousand percent.
Market
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As the world's third most widely
used metal, copper is an important element in global industrial
development and is considered a barometer of economic expansion.
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Indian steel industry has acquired a
significant status and is currently ranked as the 9th largest steel
producer in the world. The production capacity of crude steelmaking in
Indian steel industry that was of the order of 1 Mt per annum at the time
of independence has increased to 38.5 Mt per annum.
- China is the most important emerging market for
silver, and has the potential to rival both Japan and the United States in
industrial uses of the metal, the capacity to become one of the largest
photographic markets in the world, and harbors the possibility of growing
to be a significant fabricator and consumer of jewelry.
- Galvanized steel is one of the most
widely used metals in residential construction today in the form of beams,
floor joists, nuts, bolts, studs, trusses, roofing nails, HVAC ducts, etc.
- The rapidly growing catalog of
applications is progressively adding to zinc’s importance in our modern,
industrialized world. In recent years, China has become the world’s
largest consumer of zinc, with demand increasing 8% to 10% per year.
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