General
- Lysergol, is an
alkaloid of the ergoline family that occurs in various species of vines
of the Convolvulaceae and some species of fungi. As the minor alkaloid
in the hallucinogenic seeds of Rivea corymbosa (ololiuhqui), Argyreia
nervosa (Hawaiian baby woodrose) and Ipomoea violacea.
- Lysergol is
uncontrolled in the USA, but possession and sale may be illegal under
the Federal Analog Act because of its relationship to LSD and ergine,
which are controlled substances.
Process
- A series of simple
O-acylated derivatives of the naturally occurring clavine alkaloids
lysergol and dihydrolysergol-I were synthesized and tested in-vitro for
their ability to interact with 5-HT2A receptors in rat tail artery,
5-HT2C receptors in piglet choroid plexus, 5-HT1B receptors in
guinea-pig iliac artery and alpha1-adrenergic receptors in rat aorta.
- lysergol and its
N(1)-unsubstituted derivatives were found to be partial agonists (alpha
of 0.2-0.4) for 5-HT2C receptor-mediated inositol phosphate accumulation
in piglet choroid plexus.
- It is concluded that
O-acylated derivatives of the clavine alkaloids lysergol and
dihydrolysergol-I mimic therapeutically relevant ergolines due to the
complexity of their pharmacological profile as partial agonists and
antagonists at 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C and 5-HT1B receptors, and at
alpha1-adrenergic receptors.
Report
- In terms of market
cost, lysergol is much cheaper than ergonovine and lysergic acid
derivatives while ergonovine is the most costly among all the alkaloids
assayed, thereby indicating the economic importance of these
advantageous changes in the spectra of alkaloids with the use of the
SSF(Solid State Fermentation) system.
- In the examination of
relative and potential transport of ergoline and ergopeptine alkaloids
across isolated gastric tissues in vitro, Ergot alkaloids used were a
mixture of lysergol, lysergic acid, ergonovine, ergocryptine, and
ergotamine tartrate. Lysergol, lysergic acid, and ergonovine were
selected because they represent the alcohol, acid, and amide forms of
the ergoline alkaloids, respectively.
- A strategy has been
suggested to prevent the fescue toxicosis by preventing the absorption
of the alkaloids rather than trying to block their etabolic effect once
they are in the circulatory system. Lysergic acid, lysergol, and
ergonovine have exhibited the greatest absorption potential compared to
the ergopeptine alkaloids that have been the main toxins implicated in
fescue toxicosis.
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