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• Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted.
• The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in colour from dark grey, bright yellow, deep purple, to rusty red.
• The iron itself is usually found in the form of magnetite (Fe3O4), hematite (Fe2O3), goethite, limonite or siderite.
• Hematite is also known as "natural ore". The name refers to the early years of mining, when certain hematite ores contained 66% iron and could be fed directly into iron making blast furnaces.
• Iron ore is the raw material used to make pig iron, which is one of the main raw materials to make steel. 98% of the mined iron ore is used to make steel.

Process

• There are two main processes for producing iron ore pellets: The Grate-Kiln System and the straight grate system.
• In the straight grate system, a continuous parade of grate cars moves at the same speed though the drying, induration and cooling zones. Any change in one section effects the residence time in another.
• In the Grate-Kiln System, independent speed control of the grate, kiln and cooler are available to the operator. This provides process flexibility to adjust to changes in concentrate feed.
   

Application

• Iron used in steelmaking is the mainstay metal for the infrastructure of modern civilization, from ships to bridges, railways, skyscrapers, cars, trucks, trains, engines, and machines of all kinds, down to everyday pins and paperclips.
• GE offers a complete line of DusTrea DC Series dust control chemicals for mining applications, including haul roads, plant roads, unloading, crushing, material handling operations, and tailing basins.

Market

• Export of iron ore from India has reached 78 Mt in 2004-05 on the back of large export of iron ore fines to China. Fines an concentrates, which have little use in India except as a negative environmental externality, make up about 90 percent of Indian iron ore currently.
• All iron ore is priced in U.S. dollars, which facilitates comparison. The unit pricing system is used with iron ore to accommodate variations in iron content. Prices are quoted in U.S. cents per ton unit of iron.
• A unit is 1/100, or 1%, of the weight of a ton of iron so that 1 metric ton unit corresponds to 1/100th of a metric ton.
   

Report

• Iron ore is one of Canada’s most important mineral products in terms of both tonnage and value.
• On that basis, Canada is the world’s ninth largest iron ore producer and it ranks fifth for exports. Canada’s iron ore production is concentrated in the Labrador Trough, a major geological belt extending through northern Quebec and Labrador.
• Canada’s production in this area comes from three mining operations owned by Iron Ore Co. of Canada (IOC), Quebec Cartier Mining Co (QCM), and Wabush Mines.
• CVRD is the world's largest producer and exporter of pellets, and Samarco is an integral part of its strategy for the development of the pelletizing business.
   

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