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General
- A hydrogenase is an
enzyme that catalyses the reversible oxidation of molecular hydrogen
(H2). Hydrogenases play a vital role in anaerobic metabolism.
- Hydrogen uptake (H2
oxidation) is coupled to the reduction of electron acceptors such as
oxygen, nitrate, sulfate, carbon
dioxide, and fumarate, whereas proton reduction (H2 evolution) is
essential in pyruvate fermentation and in the disposal of
excess electrons.
Process
- The fermentative
hyperthermophile Pyrococcus furiosus contains an NADPH-utilizing,
heterotetrameric, cytoplasmic hydrogenase that catalyzes both H2
production and the reduction of elemental sulfur to H2S.
- The hydrogenase, also
known as sulfhydrogenase because of its S0-reducing activity, is a
Ni-containing, iron-sulfur flavoprotein that also serves to reduce H1 to
H2. Sulfide dehydrogenase is an iron-sulfur flavoprotein which also
functions as a ferredoxin:NADP oxidoreductase.
Application
- Hydrogenase electrodes
are capable of consuming hydrogen directly from microbial media, which
ensures their use as fuel
electrodes in treatment of organic wastes.
- Adequate uptake
hydrogenase activity in soybean bacteroids often increases plant growth,
as well as the efficiency of energy utilization during nitrogen fixation.
- Fe-hydrogenase is a
distinct class of hydrogen-producing metalloenzyme, present in a wide
variety of prokaryotes and
eukaryotes.
Report
- The structure of the
HndAc domain and the mapping of the HndDN interacting site obtained by
heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy, and analyze the role of HndB within this
NADP-reducing hydrogenase complex.
- Sequence similarities
between H2ases and complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) were fi rst reported
by Böhm et al.and by Pilkington et al. and have been emphasized in
several subsequent reports.
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