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Introduction
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Gelatin is a translucent, colorless, brittle, nearly
tasteless solid substance, extracted from the collagen inside
animals' connective tissue.
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Gelatin is the
purified protein which is derived from the selective hydrolysis
of collagen.
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Collagen
consists of three helical polypeptide chains wound around each
other and connected by intermolecular cross-links.
Production
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Gelatin is a
protein produced by partial hydrolysis of collagen extracted
from the bones, connective tissues, organs, and some intestines
of animals such as the domesticated cattle, and horses.
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Recovery process includes
several steps such as filtration, evaporation, sterilization,
drying, grinding, and sifting.
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Gelatin (also
called gelatine) is prepared by the thermal denaturation of
collagen, isolated from animal skin and bones, with very dilute
acid. It can also be extracted from fish skins.
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The main raw
material required for gelatin production is the offal, which is
available from slaughter houses and meat processing factories.
Uses
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Gelatin is used
in a wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
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It has been
commonly used as an emulsifier in food, pharmaceutical,
photography, and cosmetic manufacturing.
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Gelatin is
primarily used as a gelling agent forming transparent elastic
thermoreversible gels on cooling .
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Gelatin not only serves as an excipient,
but also is an excellent and economical source of multiple amino
acids.
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Gelatin is used extensively for the
testing of ammunition to determine its effectiveness for
hunting, as well as for military and crime stopping application.
Market
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The worldwide
production amount of gelatin is about 300,000 tons per year .
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The current local
annual demand on Gelatin is estimated at 114 tons. This demand
size is expected to reach 225 tons by the year 2015.
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The Gelatin
Market remains solid with a slight upturn in demand following
waning consumer and government concerns over bovine spongi-form
encephalopathy (BSE).
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Brazil is the third largest producer of gelatin, right after two
European countries: France and Germany.
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