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                                         Information @ a Glance
General
  • Gallic acid [3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, C6H2(OH)3COOH] is obtained from nutgalls and other plants or by the hydrolysis of tannic acid with sulfuric acid
  • Gallic acid has two functional groups in the same molecule, hydroxyl groups and a carboxylic acid group. They can yield numerous esters and salts including digallic acid which is formed by the reaction of two moles of gallic acid with one another.
  • Tannins (tannic acid or gallotannic acid) are esters of digallic acid.

Process

  • The manufacturing process itself is quite simple in fact and most of the units have stabilized their production.

  • However, the main raw material, Tara Powder, is totally imported presently. The main disadvantages are that Tara Powder is an expensive product having erratic supply therefore requiring larger inventory.

  • Although all the plants today are based on Gallic Acid as the starting material, newer processe are being tried out to replace the Gallic Acid with synthetic derivatives.

Application

  • Gallic acid and its derivatives are used in making dyes and inks, photographic developers and has been used as astringents in medically
  • Some gallates are used as antioxidants in foods.
  • They are widely used in tanning leather, dyeing fabrics, manufacturing inks, and in various medical applications (as astringents and to treat some skin diseases).

Market

  • Tree nuts, primarily almonds, pistachios and walnuts, are extremely important agricultural crops in California where virtually all of the U.S. commercial production is located, with a large proportion of their value accruing from the export market.

  • This market is threatened by potential food safety and quality concerns arising from potential contamination by aflatoxins, metabolites produced by various strains of the fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus which can infect not only tree nuts but also other major agricultural crops such as corn and peanuts.

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