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- A fungus
is a eukaryotic organism that is a member of the kingdom Fungi.
- The
majority of species grow as multicellular filaments called
hyphae forming a mycelium; some fungal species also grow as
single cells.
- Fungi are
divided into two big groups: yeasts and moulds.
- Occurring
worldwide, most fungi are largely invisible to the naked eye,
living for the most part in soil, dead matter, and as symbionts
of plants, animals, or other fungi.
- Fungi have
a worldwide distribution, and grow in a wide range of habitats,
including deserts. Most fungi grow in terrestrial
environments, but several species occur only in aquatic
habitats.
-
Reproduction of fungi is complex, reflecting the heterogeneity
in lifestyles and genetic make up within this group of organisms
-
Entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi were characterised by
RAPD technique, with special attention to evaluate the genetic
stability of strains that are used as active ingredients in
commercial biopesticides.
- Fungal
Treatment is a bioremediation process utilizing white-rot fungi
as a means of destroying organic contaminants in soils.
- The fungal
treatment process involves inoculation of the contaminated soil
with selected fungal strain(s) followed by addition of
nutrients (if needed), irrigation, and aeration of the soil
through tilling/cultivating to provide optimal fungal growth
conditions.
- The
pharmaceutical industry uses fungus excretion to produce drugs.
- Fungi are
also used extensively to produce industrial chemicals like
lactic acid, antibiotics and even to make stonewashed jeans.
- Human use
of fungi for food preparation or preservation and other purposes
is extensive and has a long history: yeasts are required
for fermentation of beer, wine and bread, some other fungal
species are used in the production of soy sauce and tempeh.
- Fungi are
recognized for their superior aptitudes to produce a large
variety of extracellular proteins, organic acids and other
metabolites, and for their capacities to adapt to severe
environmental constraints.
- Cordyceps
sinensis, a parasitic fungus in the alpine regions, is highly
valued in the traditional medicinal system of China, Nepal and
India.
- The future
strength of the cordyceps fungi market is based on the rising
demand in China and the need for importers to use higher prices
to bid supplies away from China.
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"Introduction, Products, Applications,
Processing, Extraction, Suppliers,
Market, Report"
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