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Information @ a Glance

General

  • Formic acid (systematically called methanoic acid) is the simplest carboxylic acid.
  • Formic acid formula is HCOOH or CH2O2.
  • Formic acid is miscible with water.
  • Formic acid is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor.
  • Formic acid is a liquid fuel. It has a lower energy content than methanol, but a higher theoretical reversible open circuit voltage (EMF) than methanol.

Process

  • A significant amount of formic acid is produced as a byproduct in the manufacture of other chemicals, especially acetic acid.
  • In the laboratory formic acid can be obtained by heating oxalic acid in anhydrous glycerol and extraction by steam distillation.
  • A new molecular model for formic acid is proposed which favorably describes vapor-liquid equilibrium properties in the full temperature range.
  • Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic molecule and has exceptional thermophysical properties due to its strong ability to act both as hydrogen bond donor and acceptor.

Application
 

  • Formic Acid  is used to process organic latex (sap) into raw rubber.
  • Beekeepers use formic acid as a miticide against the Tracheal (Acarapis woodi) mite and the Varroa mite.
  • Formic Acid is of minor importance in the textile industry and for the tanning of leather.
  • It is the active ingredient in some brands of household limescale remover.
  • It is used by clinical pathology laboratories to disinfect prion activity in brain samples.

Report

  • For better control of the formic acid atmosphere during sampling, standard atmospheres were generated using a purpose-built generation system.
  • BASF is the world's leading chemical company and the largest producer of formic acid.
  • As the world's largest producer of formic acid, with production facilities at the integrated Verbund sites in Ludwigshafen, Germany, and Nanjing, China, BASF makes the acid out of carbon monoxide and methanol, which are synthesized to form methyl formate.

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