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General
- The cashew (Anacardium
occidentale; syn. Anacardium curatellifolium A.St.-Hil.) is a tree in the
flowering plant family Anacardiaceae.
- The Cashew Apple (or
"false fruit") is a by-product of the cashew nut industry.
- The cashew apple is not
a true fruit, but the swollen stalk to which the cashew nut is attached.
Cashew apples are vitamin-C rich and eaten fresh or juiced in growing
areas.
Process
- The cashew wine
vinegar process optimization ranges found for initial concentrations of
ethanol and acetic acid as independent variables were 4.8 to 6.0% and
1.0 to 1.3% respectively.
- Cashew wine can be
produced by alcoholic fermentation of peduncle juice.
- In gathering the
fruits and transporting them to the workshop, Cashew apples are sorted
and only mature undamaged cashew apples should be selected. These should
be washed in clean water.
- Cashew feni is made
out of the juice of cashew apples whereas coconut feni is made from the
toddy collected by toddy tappers.
- Seventeen wine yeasts
isolated from fermenting cashew apple juice were screened for ethanol
and sugar tolerance.
Technology
- Specific focus is
placed on the utilization of the GC–O techniques discussed in the
analysis and evaluation of the quality of alcoholic beverages.
- SMB Technology is
used to obtain high fructose solutions from cashew apple, which may
represents an attractive economic alternative for its industrial
exploitation
Application
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Osmotic
dehydration is a process that has been proposed for the production of
intermediate moisture foods as a preliminary stage to air drying,
pasteurization or freezing. The osmotic dehydration of cashew apple is a
function of sugar concentration, temperature and immersion time through
response surface methodology Cashew apple juice, without removal of
tannin, is prescribed as a remedy for sore throat and chronic dysentery in
Cuba and Brazil.
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The cashew
apple is very rich in vitamin C (262 mg/100 ml of juice) and contains five
times more vitamin C than an orange. A glass of cashew apple juice meets
an adult individual's daily vitamin C (30 mg) requirement.
-
The cashew
apple is also rich in sugars, and contains considerable amounts of tannins
and minerals, mainly calcium, iron and phosphorous. Furthermore, the fruit
has medicinal properties. It is used for curing scurvy and diarrhoea, and
it is effective in preventing cholera. It is applied for the cure of
neurological pain and rheumatism. It is also regarded as a first-class
source of energy.
Market
- Exporting alcoholic
beverages to the USA is fraught with dangers, complications and also a
very good niche market. Places like California, New York, Michigan,
Texas and Florida are great targets for the export of exclusive gourmet
niche wines at high prices.
- Trade in the cashew
industry revolves primarily around the raw nuts and kernels, although
the cashew apple and the cashew shell both present other marketing
opportunities.
- The market for cashew
kernels, processed to provide more value, is worth more than $1.0
billion.
There is a thriving local demand for the apple – freshly picked from the
tree with the nut attached.
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