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General
- Ceramics
are crystalline, inorganic non-metals
- Engineering Ceramics are high performance
materials that are used for their hardness, retention of properties at high
temperatures and electrical resistance properties.
- Ceramic
engineering is the technology of manufacturing and usage of ceramic
materials
Manufacturing
Process
- The raw materials used to
make ceramics are inexpensive and widely available, and include clay,
feldspar, quartz sand, iron oxides, and alumina.
-
Ceramic forming
processes may be classified as traditional - die pressing, cold isostatic
pressing, slip casting and extrusion - or as new and emerging, such as
injection moulding and tape casting.
Technology
- The
development of engineering ceramic manufacturing processes is to
minimize defects in the sintered component and to ensure greater
reliability in service.
CAD/CAM
(computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) is the most common
modern design and manufacturing technology used in ceramics manufacturing.
It is used in realistic modeling design, decorative pattern design, relief
design and automated machining of ceramic products.
Application
- Engineering Ceramics can be used in many
technological industries.
- Ceramic tiles on Space Shuttle, used to protect it
and the future supersonic space planes from the searing heat of reentry into
the earth's atmosphere.
- Ceramics are also used widely in electronics and
optics.
- Ceramics are also used as a coating in various
engineering cases.
- Ceramic bearing coating over a titanium frame used
for an airplane.
Properties
- Ceramics has physical properties such as strength,
hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and thermal stability are
considered when choosing a material. Each of these characteristics is
determined by specific materials. Designers look for those materials which
give the best combination of characteristics for an excellent performance.
- Advanced
ceramics are differentiated from traditional ceramics such as brick and
porcelain by their higher strength, higher operating temperatures,
improved toughness, and tailorable properties also known as engineered
ceramics.
Market
- The markets
for engineering ceramics (structural,environmental and process
applications)were valued at 21,275 million in Europe and$1,348 million
in the United States.
- Indian
Ceramic Industry can emerge as a major manufacturer/supplier in the
global market. It has an annual output of 8.5 lakh metric tons. Advanced
Ceramics manufacture has also been embarked upon.
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