General
- The word crystals
originates from the Greek word "Krystallos" meaning clear ice, and once
referred particularly to quartz, rock crystal.
- In chemistry and
mineralogy, a crystal is a solid in which the constituent atoms,
molecules, or ions are packed in a
regularly ordered, repeating pattern extending in all three spatial
dimensions.
- Most metals
encountered in everyday life are polycrystals. Crystals are often
symmetrically intergrown to form crystal twins.
Growth
- Crystal growth is
a complex process. The quality of the grown crystal depends on many
macro- and microscopic effects.
- Crystals of
calcium oxalate monohydrate compound is a basic component of most renal
stones.
- COM(calcium
oxalate monohydrate) crystals were grown in urine, in different gels (by
the counter diffusion method) and by direct pouring of reagent solutions
together.
Process
- Cavan Crystal
Manufacturing:Raw materials are batched to Cavan Crystal’s own
specification and placed in clay pots.
- The Czochralski
Manufacturing:This was developed for the growth of single crystal aluminum
oxide in plate form for transparent armor applications.
- The process of
forming a crystalline structure from a fluid or from materials dissolved
in the fluid is often referred to as crystallization.
- Crystallography is
the study of the formation processes that produce crystals, and of the
structural and identifying details of crystals.
Applications
- Crystals
are used in: Cameras, DataLogging, Digital audio, ISDN Gateway,
HomeBanking/Shopping.
- The native gallium
nitride(GaN) crystal is used for the development of ion sensors.
- The quartz crystal
microbalance (QCM) technique has been shown to play a key role in
elucidating various aspects of Biomacromolecular recognition reactions.
- The adsorption of
radioactiveCs13 technique might be useful in detecting defective quartz
crystals without destructive testing.
Market
- Ceramic Growth
market estimates 2000 market to be $207 million, which includes captive
markets and imports, but excludes exports.
- The market is
expected to grow modestly at an annual average growth rate (AAGR) of 8.4%
in current dollars
Piezoelectric ceramic elements constitute 97% of the combined market;i.e.,
$200 million in 2000 and reaching
$294 million in 2005.
- A Country is
well-named as the "land of crystals". With 70% of the national reserve
of the precious material, it produces 80% of China's crystal products.
- The Taiwanese
market for quartz crystals is generally dominated by Japanese companies.
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