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• Coriander is a delicate annual herb with several branches and lacy leaves with jagged edges belonging to the carrot family. Native to South Europe and Asia, this aromatic beautiful herb is found in many parts of the world.
• Coriander is the seed of a small plant. The seeds are almost spherical, one end being slightly pointed, the other slightly flattened.
• Coriander is an important spice crop having a prime position in flavouring food.

Production

• Major coriander producing countries are Canada, Morocco, India, Pakistan, Bulgaria and Romania. Other producers are Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Israel, China, Thailand, Poland, Hungary and the Netherlands.
• The major producers of Indian coriander are Gujarat, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu and Madhya Pradesh.

Cultivation

• Sow in mild, dry weather in April, in shallow drills, about 1/2 inch deep and 8 or 9 inches apart, and cover it evenly with the soil. The seeds are slow in germinating. The seeds may also be sown in March, in heat, for planting out in May.
• Coriander is grown from seed. It prefers warm dry conditions. For seed, it is sown in the spring, needing little maintenance. Harvest in about ninety days as soon as seeds are ripe and before they drop. An indication of ripeness is that the seeds aroma turns pleasant. For the leaf, the seeds are sown during the summer.

Application

• Coriander has been used as a folk medicine for the relief of anxiety and insomnia in Iranian folk medicine.
• Coriander seeds are also used in traditional Indian medicine as a diuretic by boiling equal amounts of coriander seeds and cumin seeds, then cooling and consuming the resulting liquid.
• In holistic and some traditional medicine, it is used as a carminative and for general digestive aid.
• All parts of the plant are edible, but the fresh leaves and the dried seeds are the most commonly used in cooking.

Market

• The amount of coriander entering the world market was estimated at 40,000 t traded as whole seed. Prices paid for coriander were in the range $A500–$800/t for seed on a cleaned basis.
• Coriander yields in western Canada range from 700 to 900 lb/ac. The spot price of coriander has been in the range 17 to 45 cents/pound, with an active range 19 to 25 cents/pound.
• An acre of coriander yields only Rs 1,000 to 2,000 in the market.

Report

• Development of the coriander industry has also been limited by a lack of availability of information to new growers.
• The use of advanced plant breeding, in conjunction with biochemical studies, could result in high-oil, high petroselinic acid coriander varieties within five years.

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