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General
- Coke is a
solid carbonaceous material derived from destructive distillation
of low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal.
- Volatile
constituents of the coal include water, coal-gas, and coal-tar.
- The specific
gravity of coke is typically around 0.77. It is highly porous.
- Coke from
coal is gray, hard, and porous.
Process
- The solid
residue remaining from refinement of petroleum by the "cracking"
process is also a form of coke.
- Fluid
coking is a process which converts heavy residual crude into
lighter products such as naphtha, kerosene, heating oil, and
hydrocarbon gases.
- Gas works
manufacturing syngas also produce coke as an end product, called
gas house coke.
- Non
by-product coke ovens burn the hydrocarbon off gasses produced
by the coke making process to drive the carbonization process.
Applications
- Coke is
used as a fuel and as a reducing agent in smelting iron ore in
a blast furnace.
- Coke may
be used to make fuel gases.
- Hydrogen
is produced via Steam Gasification of Petroleum Coke.
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Microscopic evaluvation of coal and coke is used in
metallurgical evaluvation.
Report
- U.S.
Steel had been using coke oven gas , a by-product of coke
manufacturing, as a fuel in their coke ovens, boilers, and
reheat furnaces.
- Coke
oven emissions are known to be human carcinogens based on
sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans that
indicates a causal relationship between exposure and cancer
in humans.
- Socio
economic problems which have created general indiscipline
and industrial unrest along with various operational
problems have affected the life of coke oven battery in
India.
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