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General,
Process, Production, Technology, Plant, Market, Project, Cultivation,
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General
- Coffee is a widely consumed
stimulant beverage prepared from roasted seeds, commonly called coffee
beans, of the coffee plant.
- Coffee is the most widespread drink
in the world with approximately half-a-trillion cups consumed every
year.
- There are two fundamental types of
coffee: espresso and regular, or non-espresso.
Process
- The
dry process is necessary for fruit that has been harvested by
stripping. Once separated from other matter such as leaves and bits of
wood or pebbles, the coffee cherries are spread out in the fresh air on
threshing floors to sun dry for a few days. Then, they are put through a
hulling machine that frees the beans by crushing the hulls and parchment.
The dry method produces "natural" green coffees, also called "unwashed"
green coffees.
- The longer and more complex
wet process is mostly used for
coffee cherries that are handpicked, and thus more uniform in size. Once
gathered, the fruit is put into pulping machines that free the seeds in
their parchment from the hulls. The beans are then fermented or "washed"
in large water tanks for several days to remove any remaining decomposed
pulp formed during this phase. The washed beans are then sun dried, freed
from their parchment with the use of centrifugal force, then polished and
electronically sorted to weed out defective beans and finally, graded for
size, form and color ready for selection and shipment.
Production
- The tropical regions of Asia, Africa
and America, extending from the Tropic of Cancer to the north and the
Tropic of Capricorn to the south, provide the perfect natural habitat
for Coffea plants.
- Nearly 70% of the world's coffee is
produced by the Americas while Brazil contributes 30% and Colombia 12%
to the global production. Three percent of the global demand is met by
Ethiopia.
Market
- Annual
consumption of instant coffee
is around 60,000 tonnes and growing at a compounded annual growth-rate
of 14%.
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Instant coffee
consumption in Russia is currently pegged at 60,000 to 70,000 tonnes a
year, and the consumption has been clocking a year-on-year growth of 14
per cent, making it the fastest growing instant coffee market in the
world.
Report
flows are the
total of all green coffee production, even if entities are not selling the
entire coffee harvest exclusively to Starbucks.
Data from the 2008
NCA National Coffee Drinking Trends (NCDT) show that daily consumption of
gourmet coffee beverages has jumped to an unprecedented high, with 17% of
the overall adult population savoring espressos, lattes and other
specialty coffees, up from 14% in 2007.
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Process, Production, Technology, Market, Project, Cultivation,
Report " can
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