General
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The Citrus Pulp consumed in Brazil is used mainly to make baits for
ant killer, with excellent results to combat the sauba ant. The citrus
pulp is traditionally a great choice for animal nutrition with
excellent tasteful and digestibility, mainly to ruminants, and for
this characteristics is one of the main components (till 30%) to
formulate the animal food rations (mainly cattle - for milk and
slaughter) in Europe and United States.
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Citrus pulp should be limited to 50% or less of the total daily
intake. It is high in calcium and low in protein and phosphorus.
Additional protein and phosphorus need to be added to the diet when
higher levels are fed.
Process
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Not-From-Concentrate Orange Juice (NFC) is
processed and pasteurized by flash heating immediately after squeezing
the fruit, without removing the water content from the juice. NFC is
never concentrated. Transportation costs are therefore higher since,
in order to ship an equivalent volume of NFC compared to FCOJ, six
time the volume must be shipped. NFC can be stored freezed or chilled
for at least a year.
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Refrigerated Orange Juice from Concentrate (RECON) is a juice that has
been processed to obtain the frozen concentrate and then reconstituted
by adding back the water that had been originally removed.
Reconstituted single strength juice is normally reconditioned by the
packager or the beverage industry and sold as a ready-to-serve product
either in chilled form or in aseptic form sold in bottles or cartons
without the need of refrigeration.
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Citrus essential oils are volatile oils obtained from the citrus
fruits peel´s sacks. They are used by the food industry to give flavor
to drinks and foods. They are also a component for the pharmaceutical
industry for the preparation of medicines and soaps, perfumes and
other cosmetics, as well as for home cleaning products.
Application
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Citrus Pulp is
the dried residue of peel, pulp and seeds of oranges, grapefruit and
other citrus fruit. As with most feeds, citrus pulp is dried to a
moisture content of approximately 10 percent although some wet product
is available.
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Dried Citrus
Pulp is second only to corn as a source of concentrated feed nutrients
for dairy and beef cattle, and sheep. It is a good source of calcium,
but very low in phosphorus and carotene (precursor for Vitamin A).
Based on these data, dried or pelleted citrus pulp is one of the most
desirable energy feeds and can be considered in feeding programs.
Market
Citrus (mainly oranges)
is the most produced fruit in the world, with 22,5% of all fruits
produced in Brazil. It is the major orange producer.
the production was about 22,744 million tons, representing 34,4% of
the world production, followed by the United States, with 11,896
million tons (18,0%). Almost 72% of its oranges are crushed on to
juice. It is also the world’s largest producer (47% of total
production) and exporter of FCOJ (Frozen Concentrated Orange Juice),
with 83% of total exports.
Citrus fruit prices depend on demand and supply.
The supply is largely determined by climatic conditions, pest
diseases, yields and the age of trees. It is not greatly influenced by
price evolution in the short term, since there is a latency period of
three to five years before trees produce fruit. This contributes to
the high investment necessary for production and thus discourages
producers from moving out of citrus production.
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