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General
- Boron is a
chemical element with atomic number 5 and the chemical symbol
B.
- Boron is a trivalent
nonmetallic element which occurs abundantly in the evaporite ores borax
and ulexite.
- Amorphous boron is a
brown powder, though crystalline boron is black, hard (9.3 on Mohs'
scale), and a weak conductor at room temperature.
- Elemental boron is
used as a dopant in the semiconductor industry, while boron compounds
play important roles as light structural materials, nontoxic
insecticides and preservatives, and reagents for chemical
synthesis.
Application
- B isotope is used
for reactivity control; pure boron and, especially its alloys are used
in neutron absorbers for manufacturing control rods and reactors
for nuclear power plants.
- The diamond-like
allotrope of boron nitride, one of the hardest materials known but is
softer than materials such as diamond, known under a name Borazon,
is widely used as an abrasive for industrial tools.
- In molten metal and
metal forming operations, boron nitride coatings can be applied to
surfaces which come in contact with hot and molten metals.
- A coating of boron
nitride on the mold surface will inhibit corrosion, reduce chemical
attack, and provide easier release, cleaner formed shapes, and
longer mold/die life.
Synthesis
- Boron nitride (BN)
nanotubes have been produced from elemental boron powder using a new
low-temperature process, which involves ball milling of boron
powder in ammonia gas at room temperature, and followed by annealing at
temperatures up to 1300 °C in nitrogen gas.
- Boron-substituted
PA-MP was synthesized by copyrolysis of a filtered coal tar pitch with
borane complexes.Ball milling induces nitriding reactions between the
boron powder and the ammonia gas with the formation of a disordered BN
phase.
- BN nanotubes then
grow out during the subsequent heat treatment. This novel process for
forming BN nanotubes is distinctly different from arc discharge
and laser-heating processes.
Market
- Demand for refined
borates, especially boric acid and sodium borates, is doing moderately
well at present. Market conditions are positive, with prices for
borates steady, though producers say they have not quite kept up with
rising production costs.
- Estimated global
consumption of boron rose to a record 1.8Mt B2O3 in 2005 following a
period of strong growth in demand from Asia, Europe and North
America.
- The rise in global
demand has been driven by high rates of growth in fibreglass and
borosilicate production.The recent rises in energy prices can be
expected to lead to greater use of insulation grade fibreglass, with
consequent growth in the use of boron.
- A rapid increase in
the manufacture of reinforcement grade fibreglass in Asia with a
consequent increase in demand for borates has offset the development of
boron free reinforcement grade fibreglass in Europe and the USA.
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