General
- Blood agar is a nutrient culture medium that is enriched with whole
blood and used for the growth of certain strains of bacteria.
- Blood agar consists of a basal medium such as TSA enriched with 5%
defibrinated sheep blood or in some locations, horse blood. This is the
most commonly used medium, and supports the growth of most of the common
fastidious organisms, as well as, all of the less fastidious organisms.
Blood agar Types
- It contains
mammalian blood (usually sheep or horse), typically at a concentration
of 5–10%. BAP are an enriched, differential media used to isolate
fastidious organisms and detect hemolytic activity. β-hemolytic
activity will show complete lysis of red blood cells surrounding
colony, while α-hemolysis will only partially lyse hemoglobin and
will appear green. γ-hemolysis (or non-hemolytic) is the
term referring to a lack of hemolytic activity.
- A type of blood
agar plate in which the blood cells have been lysed by heating the
cells to 56 °C. Chocolate agar is used for growing fastidious (fussy)
respiratory bacteria, such as Haemophilus influenzae.
Applications
- Blood agar is used to support the growth of fastidious organisms and to determine the type of hemolysis (destruction of red blood cell walls) an organism produces.
- CDC Anaerobic Blood Agar is an enriched medium for the growth and partial identification of obligate anaerobes. It also supports good growth of aerobic, facultative anaerobic and microaerophilic organisms found in clinical materials if incubated under the appropriate conditions.
- Tryptose Agar is used for cultivating a wide variety of fastidious microorganisms, particularly for isolating Brucella. Tryptose Agar with 5% bovine serum, with or without antibiotics, remains a standard plating medium for the isolation of brucellae. For isolation of Brucella stains from contaminated milk, crystal violet (gentian violet) can be added to Tryptose Agar to suppress gram-positive organisms. Tryptose media can be supplemented with thiamine or citrate for the cultivation and maintenance of fastidious aerobic and facultative microorganisms.
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