- Asphalt is a sticky, black and highly
viscous liquid or semi-solid that is present in most crude petroleums
and in some natural deposits. Asphalt is composed almost entirely of
bitumen. It is most commonly modeled as a colloid, with asphaltenes as
the dispersed phase and maltenes as the continuous phase.
- Asphalt is sometimes confused with
tar, which is an artificial material produced by the destructive
distillation of organic matter. Tar is also predominantly composed of
bitumen, but the bitumen content of tar is typically lower than that of
asphalt. Tar and asphalt have very different engineering properties. In
Europe, the commonly used word for asphalt is bitumen.
- Asphalt can be separated from the
other components in crude oil (such as naphtha, gasoline and diesel) by
the process of fractional distillation, usually under vacuum conditions.
A better separation can be achieved by further processing of the heavier
fractions of the crude oil in a de-asphalting unit, which uses either
propane or butane in a supercritical phase to dissolve the lighter
molecules which are then separated.
- Asphalt is typically stored and
transported at temperatures around 150 degrees Celsius (300 °F). They
shrink on cooling, so large splashes on the skin are especially
hazardous. Sometimes diesel oil or kerosene are mixed in before shipping
to retain liquidity; upon delivery, these lighter materials are
separated out of the mixture. This mixture is often called bitumen
feedstock.
- Shilajeet is obtained from rocks in
the Himalayan region. It is a form of mineral that drips from the cracks
of the rocks during hot weather. It is decomposition of the plant matter
in the rocks centuries before.
- The production of asphalt takes place
at HOT MIX’s state-of-the-art facility located in Gosnells. The plant is
based on the latest international production technology and boasts
important features such as fully enclosed dust collection system,
additive processing including colour agents, fibres, polymers as well as
processing of recycled pavement materials.
- There are two industries that fall
under the category of asphalt manufacture: hot mix asphalt plants and
asphalt roofing. Hot mix asphalt plants produce asphalt paving
materials, while the asphalt roofing industry manufactures
asphalt-saturated felt rolls, fiberglass and organic (felt-base)
shingles, and surfaced and smooth roll roofing for use mainly in roof
construction.
- Native Americans living in California
used the asphaltum from natural oil seeps to caulk their canoes (top
panel), to hold together hunting weapons and baskets (middle two
panels), and to make walnut-shell "Huutch Uish" dice (bottom
panel).
- Global demand for asphalt in
roofing applications is expected to approach 12 million metric tons in
2007. Growth in the Asia/Pacific region, the Africa/Mideast region and
Eastern Europe will help offset a deceleration of demand in the large US
market. Building construction activity in developing countries will
generate opportunities for asphaltic membrane roofing.
- Demand for asphalt in China is
forecast to rise 6.8 percent per annum through 2008 to 15 million metric
tons. Measured in yuan, asphalt demand is projected to climb more than
ten percent annually to ¥31.5 billion. The Chinese asphalt market will
experience the fastest growth among major economies in the world, driven
by strong growth in road construction activity and healthy gains in
building construction.
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