- The chemical
compound ammonium nitrate, the nitrate of ammonia with the
chemical formula NH4NO3.
- Ammonium
nitrate is a white powder at room temperature and standard
pressure.
- Ammonium
nitrate is commonly used in agriculture as a high-nitrogen
fertilizer.
- Ammonium
nitrate has also been used as an oxidizing agent in explosives,
including improvised explosive devices.
- The
processes involved in the production of ammonium nitrate in
industry,the acid-base reaction of ammonia with nitric acid gives
a solution of ammonium nitrate.
- The Haber
process combines nitrogen and hydrogen to produce ammonia, part of
which can be oxidised to nitric acid and combined with the
remaining ammonia to produce the nitrate. Another production
method is used in the so-called Odda process.
- Ammonium
nitrate decomposes into gases including oxygen when heated,
ammonium nitrate can be induced to decompose explosively by
detonation.
- AN can be
used as a fertilizer or as an explosive.
- 95% of AN in
Australia is used as an explosive in the mining industry and 5%
used as a fertilizer mainly by horticulturalists.
- Council Of
Australian Governments (COAG) agreed to a national review of the
regulation, reporting and security for the storage, sale and
handling of hazardous materials.
- In a fire,
all types of ammonium nitrate may melt and decompose with the
release of toxic fumes which may be yellow or brown.
- Ammonium
nitrate should normally be stored in single storey, dedicated,
well-ventilated buildings that are constructed from materials that
will not burn, such as concrete, bricks or steel. Clean the store
before it is used for ammonium nitrate.
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