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General
- Amaranthus is the
genus for the pigweed family. The word is derived from the Greek
word amarantus, which means “everlasting.”
- Amaranthus,
collectively known as amaranth or pigweed, is a cosmopolitan genus
of herbs.
- Amaranth grain is
a crop of moderate importance in the Himalaya. It was one of the
staple foodstuffs of the Incas, and it is known as kiwicha in the
Andes
- Amaranth, an
ancient crop originating in the Americas, can be used as a
high-protein grain or as a leafy vegetable, and has potential as a
forage crop.
- Amaranth seeds
are tan or light brown in color and are about the size of poppy
seeds.
Growth &
Cultivation
- Amaranthus is a
widely adapted genus, and can be grown throughout the Midwestern and
Western U.S. Grain amaranth is reportedly drought-tolerant, similar
to sorghum, provided there is sufficient moisture to establish the
crop.
- Most cultivars of
amaranth and quinoa grow four- to eight-feet high and, when in
flower, are majestic plants whose presence emits a special radiance
in any garden.
- Pigweeds are
susceptible to most soil applied and postemergent herbicides
recommended for general control of broadleaf weeds.
- Amaranth is grown
in both the wet and dry seasons in Sierra Leone. Amaranth seed can
be either broadcast or transplanted. Both methods are used in Sierra
Leone, but broadcast seems to be the most common.
Application
- The Amaranth is a
tall plant used to make a beer, the leaves were boiled or
fried, the seeds were popped like popcorn, and the flour was used in
various ways, include brutal religious ceremonies.
- Amaranth's
potential applications are truly unlimited for creative food
formulators, who should always keep amaranth in mind whenever a
delicious nutty flavor and high-powered nutrition is desired.
- Amaranth seeds
can be used for breads, pastries, or can be popped like corn.
- Amaranth grain
contains tocotrienols and squalene compounds, which are known to
affect cholesterol biosynthesis. So amaranth grain is a good source
of modern diet, particularly to make special products for the people
who are at a high risk to cardiovascular diseases
Market
- The commercial
marketplace for amaranth in the U.S. has been primarily based on the
health food market. Consumers purchasing amaranth are usually doing
so because they (a) want a wheat and gluten free product, (b) like
the nutritional profile of amaranth, and/or (c) like more "exotic"
foods in their diet.
- Although the
production of amaranth in Latin America diminished dramatically
subsequent to Spanish rule, the positive attributes of the crop led
to its adoption in other areas of the world. By the 1700s, amaranth
had spread throughout Europe for use as a herb and ornamental.
- Although the U.S.
has been the leading producer of grain amaranth used in retail food
products, the largest production area in the last decade is believed
to have been in China
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