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General
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Silica-alumina is also known as alumino-silicate(s). It is an oxide-like
combination of aluminium, silicon and oxygen, and it has a major component
of kaolin and clays.
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Inorganic
Chemistry by Swaddle calls the group of minerals aluminosilicate when some
of the Si4+ ions in silicates are replaced by Al3+ ions. For each Si4+ ion
replaced by an Al3+, the charge must be balanced by having other positive
ions such as Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ions. Feldspar group and zeolites are typical
aluminosilicates by this definition.
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There are
hundreds of aluminosilicate minerals including the micas which form flat
sheets. A local variety of mica is biotite, K3AlSi3O10(OH)2. Another
aluminosilicate mineral, kyanite, Al2SiO5, forms long, fibrous crystals and
is mined locally at Willis Mountain. Feldspars are a broad class of
aluminosilicates, of which microcline, K[AlSi3O8], is a local variety.
Finally, Kaolinite, Al2Si2O5(OH)4, is an aluminosilicate mineral which, when
powdered and mixed with water, form one variety of clay.
Manufacturing Process
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The major
raw materials required for the proposed unit are Sodium Silicate and
Aluminium Sulphate.
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The
manufacturing process involves preparation of Sodium Silicate Solution and
reaction with aluminium sulphate at predetermined temperature. Resultant
slurry is pumped into the filter press. The product after filteration is
dried and packed.
Applications
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Aluminium
Silicate is used as a filler and extender in the rubber, paper, paint and
tooth paste industries. It replaces the use of siliceous chemicals viz.
precipitated silica, hydrated calcium silicate, magnesium trisilicate etc.
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Zeolites
are a well defined class of crystalline aluminosilicate mineral. They occur
naturally but also more than 150 types have been synthesised. In the
seventies Zeolite A was developed as a detergent builder. Builders are
ingredients which perform a number of functions in laundry detergents. The
most important one is to soften the wash water by complexing the calcium and
magnesium ions.
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Natural
zeolites are mainly used in building (cements) or in paper industry (fillers
for paper). Other applications of these materials are as cat litter, sewage
water treatment and in agriculture.
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