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General
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Terminalia is a genus of
large trees of the flowering
plant family, Combretaceae,
comprising around 100 species
distributed in tropical regions
of the world. This genus gets it
name from Latin terminus,
referring to the fact that the
leaves appear at the very tips
of the shoots.
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Arjun is known for its medicinal
values in bark as a diuretic and
useful for relief in symptomatic
hypertension. It is considered
to be a reputed cardiac tonic in
the Ayurvedic system of
medicine. Bark is used in about
12 Ayurvedic preparations.
Process
- Fresh,
unriped, green fruits of Terminalia catappa were collected. The
fruits were cut into pieces and shade dried at room temperature.
The dried fruits were subjected to size reduction to a coarse
powder by using dry grinder and passed through sieve. This
powder was packed into soxhlet apparatus and extracted
successively with petroleum ether (60–80◦), methanol, and
distilled water (yield 2, 8, and 8%, respectively). All the
extracts were dried at 45 ◦C in hot air oven till solid to
semisolid mass was obtained and were stored in airtight
containers in refrigerator below 10 ◦C. The suspensions of
methanol and petroleum ether extracts were prepared by using
0.5% Tween-80 (SD fine chemicals, Mumbai, India) in normal
saline and solution of aqueous extract was prepared by using
normal saline as solvent for the experiment.
Market
- Some of
the Leading Ayurvedic Medicine Suppliers are Dabur India Ltd.,
Sri Baidyanath Ayurvedic Bhawan Ltd., Zandu Pharmaceutical Works
, The Himalaya Drug Company, Charak Pharmaceuticals , Vicco
Laboratories, The Emami Group, Aimil Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
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Exports of
Ayurvedic medicines have reached a value of 100 million dollars
a year (about 10% the value of the entire Ayurvedic industry in
India). About 60% of this is crude herbs (to be manufactured
into products outside India), about 30% is finished product
shipped abroad for direct sales to consumers, and the remaining
10% is partially prepared products to be finished in the foreign
countries (see Appendix 1 for examples of Ayurvedic distribution
from India with products available worldwide).
Application
- Clinical
evaluation of this botanical medicine indicates it can be of
benefit in the treatment of coronary artery disease, heart
failure, and possibly hypercholesterolemia. It has also been
found to be antibacterial and antimutagenic .
- The bark
and fruit of arjun are thus used for preparing certain ayurvedic
preparation named in trade arjunishta, arjun-kawath,
haridayarnava-rasa, arjunaghrita, etc. Arjuna foliage is
utilised as fodder for cattle, especially during famine days
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