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- A windmill is a
machine which converts the energy of wind into rotational energy by
means of vanes called sails or blades.
- The first practical
windmills had sails that rotated in a horizontal plane, around a
vertical axis.
- Windmills were in
widespread use across the Middle East and Central Asia, and later
spread to China and India from there.
- The total number of
wind powered mills in Europe is estimated to have been around
200,000 at its peak, compared to some 500,000 waterwheels.
- A windmill used to
generate electricity is commonly called a wind turbine.
- A wind turbine
consists of a rotor that has wing shaped blades attached to a hub; a
nacelle that houses a drivetrain consisting of a gearbox, connecting
shafts, support bearings, the generator, plus other machinery; a
tower; and ground-mounted electrical equipment.
- A cutting-edge
technology in the field of thermoplastic composites has allowed us
to create the strongest, lightest, and highest efficiency wind or
water blades available in today’s market.
- Aerodynamics is the
science and study of the physical laws of the behavior of objects in
an air flow and the forces that are produced by air flows.
- Local mean wind speed
is the most important parameter to consider in siting a windmill.
Efficient windmills can produce 175 W per square meter of area swept
by the propeller.
- The site the windmill
has to be placed has to be an area with a prevailing wind of at
least 15 mph. the area has to be cleared of trees and other
structures that block wind.
- Other applications for
small wind machines include water pumping, telecommunications power
supply and irrigation.
- Capital costs for wind
power are high, but running costs are low and so access to initial
funds, subsidies or low interest loans are an obvious advantage when
considering a wind-electric system.
- A large windmill (2
MW) needs an investment of 4 M € without subsidies.
- In wind turbines we
find two basic types of generators: asynchronous and synchronous
generators.
- The DOE/NREL scaling
model is a spreadsheet-based tool that uses simple scaling
relationships to project the cost of wind turbine components and
subsystems for different sizes and configurations of components.
- The worldwide annual
wind power growth was 27%. The worldwide cumulative installed
capacity is now 94,000 MW.
- The North American
market is the second largest in terms of total installed capacity
and for the second year in a row, installed more wind generating
capacity than any other country.
- India was a latecomer
to the global wind energy and wind turbine industry.
- According to the Wind
Energy Division of the National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), nearly
40% of India's installed electricity capacity of over 120,000 MW
could be generated from wind energy.
- The first modern wind
turbine was developed in Denmark by Poul La Cour that experimented
with classic windmill technology and electricity generation.
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