- In chemistry, a
carbonate is a salt of carbonic acid, characterized by the presence
of the carbonate ion.
- The name may also mean
an ester of carbonic acid, an organic compound containing the
carbonate group.
- Carbonate minerals are
extremely varied and ubiquitous in chemically-precipitated
sedimentary rock. The most common are calcite or calcium carbonate,
CaCO3, the chief constituent of limestone, dolomite, a
calcium-magnesium carbonate CaMg(CO3)2, and siderite, or iron (II)
carbonate, FeCO3, an important iron ore.
- Sodium carbonate
("soda" or "natron") and potassium carbonate("potash") have been
used since antiquity for cleaning and preservation, as well as for
the manufacture of glass.
- Carbonates are widely
used in industry, e.g. in iron smelting, as a raw material for
Portland cement and lime manufacture, in the composition of ceramic
glazes, and more.
- In organic chemistry a
carbonate can also refer to a functional group within a larger
molecule that contains a carbon atom bound to three oxygen atoms,
one of which is double bonded.
- These compounds are
also known as organocarbonates or carbonate esters, and have the
general formula ROCOOR′, or RR′CO3. Important organocarbonates
include dimethyl carbonate, the cyclic compounds ethylene carbonate
and propylene carbonate, and the toxic triphosgene.
- Propylene Carbonate
can be used as VOC exempt solvent in paints and coatings as a tail
solvent. PC is a slow evaporating polar solvent. Alone or combined
with other solvents, Propylene Carbonate is effective as a hard
surface cleaner, polymer/resin cleaner, fiberglass, polyester and
polyurethane cleaner.
- Propylene Carbonate
can be used for derivative chemistries such as carbamate formation,
hydroxy alkyation, transesterification and others.
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