- Leather is a durable
and flexible material created via the tanning of putrescible animal
rawhide and skin, primarily cattlehide. It can be produced through
different manufacturing processes, ranging from cottage industry to
heavy industry.
- Hides and skins are
the basic raw materials for the leather industry, which originate
from the source of livestock.
- Animal skins are
converted to leather in an eight step process as follows Unhairing,
Liming, Deliming and Bateing, Pickling, Tanning, Neutralising,
Dyeing and Fat Liquoring, Drying and finally Finishing.
- The chemicals used in
the leather industry can be divided into three broad categories:
Pre-tanning Chemicals, Tanning Chemicals, Finishing Chemicals.
- Pre-tanning chemicals
are used to clean and prepare skins for the tanning process and they
are mostly washed away with the wastewater.
- Tanning chemicals
react with the collagen fibers of the skin to convert them into
leather. These chemicals are retained in the skin but a good amount
of these is discharged into wastewater. Chrome Sulphate is the basic
tanning chemical.
- Finishing chemicals
are used to impart certain properties to the leather like softness,
color, appearance etc.
- The leather industry
in India has many distinct advantages—strong raw material base,
skilled workforce, competitive wage levels and improved awareness of
global trade requirements. It has been identified as a thrust area
for exports.
Entrepreneur who want the
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