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Fenvalerate
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General
Information
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Fenvalerate is
an insecticide. It is a mixture of four optical isomers which have
different insecticidal activities.
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The 2-S alpha
(or SS) configuration is the most insecticidally active isomer.
Fenvalerate consists of about 23% of this isomer.
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The technical
grade is a yellow-brown viscous liquid which may be partly crystallized
at room temperature, and has a specific odour.
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Fenvalerate is a
synthetic pyrethroid with no cyclopropane ring in the molecule.
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Technical-grade
fenvalerate is 90-94% pure and consists of equal portions of the four
stereoisomers (RR, RS, SR, SS).
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It may be
formulated as emulsifiable concentrates, ultra-low volume concentrates,
dusts or wettable powders.
Process
- Fenvalerate can be prepared by
esterification of 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde cyanohydrin
with 2-( 4-chlorophenyl)isovaleroyl chloride, or by condensation of
3-phenoxy-æ-halobenzyl
cyanide with the isovaleric acid in the presence of a base such as
potassium carbonate.
- More conveniently, fenvalerate
can be provided by the Francis reaction using the isovaleroyl
chloride, the aldehyde and sodium cyanide.
Uses
- Fenvalerate is used mainly
in agriculture, with about 90% used on cotton.
- Fenvalerate is also used on
other crops, such as vines, tomatoes, potatoes, pomes, other fruit
and a wide variety of other crops.
- It is also used in public
health and animal husbandry, e.g., for controlling flies in cattle
sheds.
- Fenvalerate is used in
homes and gardens for insect control and around the foundations of
buildings to control termites and carpenter ants.
Report
- Fenvalerate has
undergone laboratory and silo-scale field trials as a stored
grain protectant in Australia.
- Esfenvalerate is
available in the USA as a technical-grade product with a purity
of 75%.
It is formulated in the USA as an emulsifiable concentrate.
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Fenvalerate[4-Chloro-a-(1-methylethyl)benzeneaceticacid
cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester], a member of the family of
synthetic pyrethroid, type II, is commonly used as a highly
active insecticide in agricultural and other domestic
applications in China.
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Primary Information Services
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