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Titanium Nitride
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- Titanium nitride (TiN)
(sometimes known as “Tinite” or “TiNite” or “TiN”) is an extremely hard
ceramic material, often used as a coating on titanium alloys, steel,
carbide, and aluminium components to improve the substrate's surface
properties.
- Titanium nitride is a chemical
compound of the two elements titanium and nitrogen. TiN - so its formula
- is a metallic hard material of typically gold-yellow color.
- TiN is used to harden and
protect cutting and sliding surfaces, for decorative purposes (due to
its gold appearance), and as a non-toxic exterior for medical implants.
In most applications a coating of less than 5 micrometres (0.00020 in)
is applied.
- TiN will oxidize at 800 °C at
normal atmosphere. It is chemically stable at room temperature and is
attacked by hot concentrated acids.
- TiN has excellent infrared (IR)
reflectivity properties, reflecting in a spectrum similar to elemental
gold (Au), which gives it a yellowish color.
- The most common use for TiN
coating is for edge retention and corrosion resistance on machine
tooling, such as drill bits and milling cutters, often improving their
lifetime by a factor of three or more.
- TiN is used in numerous medical
(implants, surgical instruments, etc) and food processing applications.
- TiN is also widely used as a
top-layer coating, usually with nickel (Ni) or chromium (Cr) plated
substrates, on consumer plumbing fixtures and door hardware.
- TiN is non-toxic, meets FDA
guidelines and has seen use in medical devices such as scalpel blades
and orthopedic bone saw blades where sharpness and edge retention are
important and bio-implants, as well as aerospace and military
applications.
- As a coating TiN is also used
to protect the sliding surfaces of suspension forks of bicycles and
motorcycles as well as the shock shafts of radio controlled cars.
- Titanium nitride powder was formed by heating
the carbon-coated titanium dioxide particles in the reactor to a
temperature of about 1,450.degree. C. for two hours under nitrogen gas
flowing at a rate of about one liter per minute.
- Titanium nitride coatings can also be deposited
by thermal spraying whereas TiN powders are produced by nitridation of
titanium with nitrogen or ammonia at 1200 °C.
- TiN layers are also sputtered on a variety of
higher melting point materials such as stainless steels, titanium and
titanium alloys.
- Titanium Nitride (TiN) is the most common PVD
hard coating in use today. TiN has an excellent combination of
performance properties, attractive appearance, and safety.
- Titanium nitride (TIN) has been used
in the coating of tool steels since the mid-sixties. The reasons to coat
cutting tools in a production situation are to increase tool life, to
improve thesurface quality of the product, and to increase the
production rate.
- The advantages of TiN
coating include high hardness and adhesion, good ductility, excellent
lubricity, high chemical
stability and tough resistance to wear, corrosion and temperature.
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