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General
- Imidacloprid
is a relatively new, systemic insecticide chemically related to the
tobacco toxin nicotine.Like nicotine, it acts on the nervous system.
Worldwide, it is considered to be one of the insecticides used in
the largest volume.
- It has a
wide diversity of uses: in agriculture, on turf, on pets, and for
household pests.
- First
registered for use as a pesticide in the U.S. in 1994, and was the
first insecticide in its chemical class to be developed for
commercial use.
- It moves
through plants from the place where it was applied and kills insects
when they feed.
ses
Uses
- The most
widely used applications for imidacloprid in California are pest
control in structures, turf pest control, grape growing, and head
and leaf lettuce growing.
- Other
widespread crop uses are rice, grains/cereals including corn
(maize), potatoes, vegetables, sugar beets, fruit, cotton, and hops.
- Target
insects include sucking insects (e.g., aphids, whiteflies,
leafhoppers and planthoppers, thrips, scales, mealybugs, bugs,
psyllids, and phylloxera), beetles (e.g., longhorn beetles, leaf
beetles, Colorado potato beetles, rice water-weevils, wireworms,
grubs, and flea beetles), and others (e.g., leafminers, some diptera,
termites, locusts, and fleas).
- As an
insecticide spray, it is used on a wide variety of agricultural
crops, ornamentals, and turf.
Market
- China
records 13,620 tonnes of imidacloprid technical output in 2010,
accounting for more than 50% of world's total, which is 20,000
tonnes.
- As China's
imidacloprid has been playing a crucial role in global market and
its position will last and even enhance in the future, investment
opportunities do exist in Chinese market.
- With the
authors insights in this industry, this report will help senior
executives and decision-makers responsible for formulating business
development strategy or seeking competitor intelligence, to better
grasp investment opportunities.
Mode of action
- Imidacloprid
works differently to other insecticides presently being marketed
(i.e. carbamates, organophosphates and pyrethroids).
- The mode of
action is based on interference of the transmission of impulses in
the nerve system of insects. Similar to the naturally occurring
signal-transmitting acetylcholine, imidacloprid stimulates certain
nerve cells by acting on a receptor protein.
- In contrast
to acetylcholine, which is quickly degraded by the enzyme
acetylcholine-esterase, imidacloprid is inactivated either very
slowly or not at all.
- It has both
contact and ingestion activity. The target pest’s feeding activity
ceases within minutes to hours, and death occurs usually within 24 -
48 hours but can take up to 7 days depending on the mode of
application.
- As to its
performance: good reliable control, high selectivity, quick
knock-down/protection and long residual activity are key features.
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