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Cellulose acetate, synthetic compound derived from the acetylation
of the plant substance cellulose.
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Cellulose acetate is spun into textile fibres known variously as
acetate rayon, acetate, or triacetate.
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It can also be molded into solid plastic parts such as tool handles
or cast into film for photography or food wrapping, though its use
in these applications has diminished.
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Cellulose acetate was first prepared by Paul Schützenberger in 1865.
It took another 29 years before Charles Cross and Edward Bevan
patented a process for its manufacture.
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When exposed to heat, moisture or acids in the film base begin to
deteriorate to an unusable state, releasing acetic acid with a
characteristic vinegary smell, causing the process to be known as
"vinegar syndrome."
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Cellulose acetate fiber is one of the earliest synthetic fibers and
is based on cotton or tree pulp cellulose ("biopolymers").
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These "cellulosic
fibers" have been replaced in may applications by cheaper petro-based
fibers (nylon and polyester) in recent decades.
- The cellulose acetate dialyzers involved in the September 1996
incident are believed to have been manufactured more than ten years
ago. It is not known to what extent age or storage conditions played
a role in this incident.
- The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is currently analyzing
cellulose acetate dialyzers in an attempt to identify leachable
materials that may be produced by storage at extreme temperatures
and/or over long periods of time.
- While use
of cellulose acetate has largely been superseded by injection
moulding with more modern thermoplastics, some up-market spectacles
are still made in this way.
- This is
most often the case when colour blends/effect cannot be produced by
injection moulding. A popular example is the imitation tortoise
shell effect.
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