- An
antipyretic is a type of medication that will prevent or reduce
fever by lowering body temperature from a raised state.
- They will
not affect normal body temperature if the patient does not have a
fever.
- Generally,
most non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) work by
inhibiting prostaglandin synthetase within the hypothalamus.
-
Acetaminophen and ibuprofen are currently the most frequently used
antipyretic medications in children due to their safety and
efficacy.
- Recently,
alternating acetaminophen with ibuprofen has become commonplace by
both parents and physicians.
- At a
national meeting, 50% of pediatricians reported that they routinely
advised parents to alternate acetaminophen with ibuprofen.
-
Antipyretics work by getting the "thermostat" in the hypothalamus to
override the interleukin-induced increase in temperature.
- The body
will then work to lower the temperature to the new, lower
temperature and the result is a reduction in the fever.
-
Antipyretics will also reduce prostaglandin synthesis in the
hypothalamus by inhibiting the effect of endogenous or microbial
pyrogens on the heat regulating sensors of the hypothalamus.
- By
blocking prostaglandin synthetase, antipyretics prevent a rise in
prostaglandin levels in the brain.
- Examples
of Antipyretic
drugs include aspirin, acetaminophen , ibuprofen , naproxen ,
the COX-2
inhibitor
celecoxib
, and narcotic drugs including morphine, oxycodone,
and hydrocodone
(Vicodin).
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